《桥梁建设》
qlkxyjs@public.wh.hb.cn
qljs@ztmbec.com
《世界桥梁》
sjqlbjb@public.wh.hb.cn
sjql@ztmbec.com
《桥梁检测与加固》
qljcjg@yeah.net
钢筋焊接热对混凝土的影响研究
乔为国1，陈杏环2
（1.重庆市设计院，重庆 400015；2.重庆电子工程职业学院，重庆 401331）
摘 要：箍筋焊接加固法为拱上立柱加固的常用方法，但箍筋焊接热可能会对立柱造成损伤。为研究箍筋焊接热可能对立柱造成的损伤，采用ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型，对受焊接热影响的立柱力学性能及破坏规律进行研究。结果表明：箍筋焊接热造成旧立柱局部焊热影响区域混凝土损伤，混凝土弹性模量和抗压强度降低，形成局部薄弱区域；在荷载作用下，薄弱区域率先破坏并退出工作，立柱有效截面减小，破坏区域不断扩大，最终导致立柱破坏。设计施工时应采取有效的措施，尽量减小焊接热对立柱力学性能的影响。
关键词：桥梁工程；箍筋焊接加固法；焊接热；影响；研究；有限元法
中图分类号：U445.72；U445.583 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0073-04
Study of Welding Heat Influence on Concrete
QIAO Wei-guo1, CHEN Xing-huan2
(1.Chongqing Architectural Design Institute, Chongqing 400015, China；2. Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing 401331, China)
Abstract: The welded stirrup reinforcement method is a method commonly used for reinforcement of columns on arch and as the method is used, the welding heat of the stirrups may cause damage to the columns. To study the possible damage to the columns, the software ABAQUS is used to set up a finite element model and the mechanical behaviour and the law of the damage to the columns influenced by the welding heat are analyzed. The results of the analysis show that the welding heat can cause damage to the concrete of the original columns in the local welding heat influential zone, the elastic modulus and compressive strength of the concrete will decrease and the local weak areas in the concrete will be form. Under the action of load, the weak areas will firstly fail, will not continue working and the effective sections of the columns will reduce. With the expanding of the weak areas, the columns will finally fail. In the design and constriction, the effective measures should be taken to minimize the influence of the welding heat on the mechanical behaviour of the columns.
Key words: bridge engineering; welded stirrup reinforcement method; welding heat; influence; study; finite element method
旧拱桥风撑改造设计
吴全友1，刘 刚2
（1.杭州湾跨海大桥管理局,浙江 宁波 315033； 2.交通运输部公路科学研究院，北京 100088）
摘 要：某旧混凝土系杆拱桥跨径布置为（13+36+13） m，2片拱肋间设3道横向风撑。调查发现该桥存在风撑、桥面板、横梁损坏及多处裂缝等病害，两侧风撑桥面净高（实测）低于设计净高是导致风撑损坏的主要原因。为提高该桥的通过能力及保证其安全稳定性，对该桥风撑进行改造设计，采用有限元法分析原结构风撑、单风撑、无风撑、短K风撑和长K风撑5种风撑结构稳定性，并进行强度验算。经对比分析，该桥采用单风撑结构的改造方案，即保留原有拱顶风撑，拆除两侧的风撑，限高4.5 m。风撑改造实施结果表明，单风撑方案施工便捷，既保证了结构安全又提高了桥梁通过能力。
关键词：系杆拱桥；混凝土桥；风撑；改造设计
中图分类号：U448.225；U445.6 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0069-04
Reconstruction Design of Wind Bracing of Existing
WU Quan-you1, LIU Gang2
(1.Administration Section of Hangzhou Bay Bridge, Ningbo 315033, China; 2. Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China)
Abstract: The span arrangement of an existing concrete tied arch bridge is（13+36+13）m, three wind bracings are installed between two arch ribs. It is found through investigation that damage and multiple cracks have occured in the wind bracings, bridge deck and lateral beams of the bridge. The measured net clearance of the deck at the wind bracings is lower than the design value, which is the main reason accounting for wind bracing damage. To improve the passing capacity and ensure the safe stability of the bridge, the reconstruction design was made for the wind bracings of the bridge. The finite element method was used to analyze the structural stability of five wind bracing structures, such as the original wind bracing of the structure, single wind bracing, no wind bracing, short Kshaped wind bracing and long Kshaped wind bracing, and to make strength verification. The reconstruction plan of using single wind bracing was determined through comparative analysis, namely keeping the original wind bracing in the arch crown, demolishing the wind bracings at the two ends and limiting the clearance to
Key words: tied arch bridge; concrete bridge; wind bracing; reconstruction design
美国黑尔·博格斯桥评估、修复计划及斜拉索更换设计
编译 黄 清
（中铁大桥局集团桥科院有限公司，湖北 武汉 430034）
摘 要：黑尔·博格斯桥于1983年10月5日通车。桥上一些斜拉索的PE保护套在斜拉索安装之前、安装期间及大桥通车之后均有损坏，自2002年以来为改善黑尔·博格斯桥的状况进行了斜拉索状态的评估及更换。为解决这些损伤并保证桥梁结构的完整性，对5个更换斜拉索的方案进行全寿命周期成本分析，最后采用更换全桥斜拉索方案。设计更换的斜拉索设计寿命为75年，重点对斜拉索锚固位置的几何限制，防腐、振动控制进行设计。由于该桥是一个重要的区域连接工具，且构成一个飓风疏散路线，因此在换索施工期间的交通维护也是设计重点。
关键词：斜拉桥；斜拉索；评估；修复；更换；设计
中图分类号：U448.27；U445.71 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0063-06
国内、外桥梁养护检测规范对比
于晓光1,2
（1.中铁大桥局集团桥科院有限公司，湖北 武汉 430034；2.桥梁结构安全与健康湖北省重点实验室，湖北武汉 430034）
摘 要：为了更好地将桥梁现场检测所得的资料准确地应用于桥梁技术状况评价，提高检测水平、采用准确的评价方法是当务之急。通过收集美国、中国台湾、德国、英国、日本、中国等几个国家和地区关于桥梁养护规范中对既有桥梁的检测与评价方法，并将各个规范评价方法从检测体系、检测技术和评估体系3方面进行比较，得出养护规范中桥梁评价的异同点，提出桥梁检测评价注意事项。
关键词：桥梁工程；规范；养护；检测；评估
中图分类号：U445.7 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0059-04
Comparison of Bridge Maintenance and InspectionCode in China and Overseas
YU Xiao-guang1,2
(1.Bridge Science Research Institute Ltd., China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group, Wuhan 430034,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Bridge Structure safety and Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430034, China)
Abstract: To make better use of the information got from field testing in the evaluation of the technological condition of bridge and to improve the inspection level, it is urgent to adopt accurate evaluation method. The inspection and evaluation method for existing bridges in bridge maintenance codes of
Key words: bridge engineering; code; maintenance; inspection; evaluation
玻璃纤维增强塑料桥面板在德国弗里德伯格公路桥上的应用
编译 唐浩俊1，张 焱2，李 龙1
(1.西南交通大学桥梁工程系，四川 成都 610031；2.云南省公路规划勘察设计院，云南 昆明 650011)
摘 要：近年来，一些使用玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)修建的轻质桥梁已经在美国、日本以及欧洲等国家建成。为了进一步拓展这类桥梁建设的相关经验，德国第一座使用GFRP的公路跨线桥在黑森州建成通车，用以研究及利用纤维增强塑料板与钢梁间的复合作用。以该桥为工程背景，从桥梁结构体系设计、分析计算、试验验证以及施工装配等方面对纤维增强塑料桥面板进行研究，结果表明：这种新型桥梁结构的耐久性良好并能在现场进行快速装配，具有很好的发展前景。
关键词：玻璃纤维增强塑料；组合桥面板；公路桥
中图分类号：U444；U448.14 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0055-04
郑州黄河公铁两用桥大体积承台裂纹控制技术
廖 菲
（中铁大桥局集团有限公司，湖北 武汉430050）
摘 要：郑州黄河公铁两用桥主桥第一联为(121+5×168+121) m单索面连续钢桁结合梁斜拉桥，第二联为(121+3×120+121) m连续钢桁结合梁桥。该桥承台为大体积混凝土结构，为避免大体积混凝土出现裂纹，以主桥6号墩承台为研究对象，分析裂纹产生的主要原因，提出施工中控制裂纹产生的相应措施：首先通过试验选择混凝土的最优配合比；通过对承台有限元模型进行热工计算分析，得出合理的冷却水管布设方案及温度测点布设方式；严格控制混凝土浇筑时的分层厚度；采用“外部保温、内部降温”的冬季养护原则进行养护，并实时测量各测点温度。结果表明：该承台养护完成后，表面未出现任何裂纹，实现了大体积混凝土裂纹的有效控制。
关键词：郑州黄河公铁两用桥；混凝土；承台；裂纹；控制
中图分类号：U445.559 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0051-04
Technique of Crack Control for Large Volume Pile Cap of
LIAO Fei
(China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group,
Abstract: The first continuous unit of the main bridge of Zhengzhou Huanghe River RailcumRoad Bridge is a (121+5×168+121) m single cable plane continuous steel truss composite girder cablestayed bridge. The second continuous unit is a (121+3×120+121) m continuous steel truss composite girder bridge. The pile cap of the bridge is of large volume concrete structure. To prevent cracks in the large volume concrete, the pile cap of No. 6 pier is taken as study object. Through the analysis of the main causes of cracks, the corresponding crack control measures in construction are proposed: that is, First, to select optimum mixing proportion of concrete through test; to get the reasonable layout scheme of cooling water pipes and the distribution of the temperature testing points through the thermal calculation analysis on the finite element model of the pile cap; to strictly control the thickness of stratification during the casting of concrete; to carry out maintenance based on the winter maintenance principle of “keeping warm outside, decrease temperature inside”, and to measure the real time temperature of the testing points. The results indicate that no cracks occur on the surface of the pile cap after maintenance and the effective control of cracks on large volume concrete is realized.
Key words: Zhengzhou Huanghe River RailcumRoad Bridge; concrete; pile cap; crack; control
深水桥梁墩-水耦合作用计算模式对比研究
杨万理1，2，李 乔1，2
(1．西南交通大学土木工程学院，四川 成都 610031；2．抗震工程技术四川省重点实验室，四川 成都 610031)
摘 要：为了能够准确、高效地计算深水桥梁的墩-水耦合作用，以墩高及入水深度均为60 m的圆形实心墩为研究对象，在对目前常用的3种动水压力计算方法（Morison公式、辐射波浪法和流体声单元法）进行理论研究、对流体声单元法流体域边界条件进行改进的基础上，建立了相应的墩-水耦合计算模型，对常用深水桥墩动力特性和动力响应进行对比分析，得到3种方法在计算效率、计算精度方面的差异及适用范围。结果表明：辐射波浪法、Morison公式计算效率高于流体声单元法；辐射波浪法计算精度高于Morison公式、流体声单元法；流体声单元法适用范围比Morison公式、辐射波浪法广。
关键词：桥梁工程；动水压力；墩-水耦合；计算模式；研究
中图分类号：U441.3；TU311.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0046-05
Comparative Study of PierWater Interaction Calculation Model of Deep Water Bridge
YANG Wan-li1,2, LI Qiao1,2
(1.School of Civil Engineering , Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 2. Aseismic Engineering Technology Key Laboratory of
Abstract: To accurately calculate the pierwater interaction of deep water bridge with high efficiency, the circular solid pier which is
Key words: bridge engineering; hydrodynamic pressure; pierwater interaction; calculation model; study
现浇混凝土模板侧压力研究
汪水清1，刘 方2,3
（1.宁安铁路有限责任公司，安徽 芜湖 241000；2.中铁大桥局集团桥科院有限公司，湖北 武汉 430034；3.桥梁结构安全与健康湖北省重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430034）
摘 要：通过在某桥墩模板内侧埋设压力盒进行墩身混凝土的侧压力监测，发现随着混凝土的浇注，对应测点压力迅速上升，达到峰值后减小，然后保持不变；各测点形成最大侧压力耗时7.6～12.8 h；实测最大侧压力为规范计算值的1.01～2.2倍。结合实测数据，在分析国内、外有关侧压力计算公式之后，偏于安全考虑，建议修订公路规范中模板侧压力计算公式。
关键词：现浇混凝土；模板；侧压力；研究
中图分类号：U445.559 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0042-04
Study of Lateral Pressure of Castinplace Concrete Formwork
WANG Shui-qing1, LIU Fang2,3
(1.Ning′an Railway Co., Ltd.,
Abstract: The lateral pressure of pier shaft concrete of a bridge was monitored by burying pressure box in the pier formwork. It is found that the pressure of the corresponding testing point rapidly rises as the concrete is casted, decreases after reaching its crest value, and then keeps constant. 7.6～12.8 h had been consumed when greatest lateral pressure appeared in all the testing points. The measured greatest lateral pressure is 1.01～2.2 times of that recorded in the code. Based on the measured data and the analysis of the lateral pressure calculation formula at home and abroad, and out of the consideration of safety, it is suggested that the calculation formulae of formwork lateral pressure in the Highway Code should be revised.
Key words: cast-in-place concrete; formwork; lateral pressure; study
某大跨桥梁运营初期结构状态的检测与分析
郑宏伟1，步乐乐2，张高朝3，张兴华4，李升伟2，李增江2
（1.宜昌市秭归县交通运输局，湖北 宜昌 443600；2.华中科技大学土木工程与力学学院，湖北 武汉 430074；3.沪蓉西高速公路建设指挥部，湖北 恩施 445300；4.中铁三局二公司十堰霍河大桥项目部，湖北十堰 442200）
摘 要：为了防止大跨桥梁在运营中出现由于各种原因引起的损伤破坏，需对桥梁的运营状况进行长期监测，在经费困难的情况下，通过运营初期在不良时段对桥梁结构的应力及变形进行观测是一个较好的措施。以某大跨连续刚构桥为背景，连续2年每年在冬季最冷、夏季最热时采用精密水准仪对其承台的沉降、主梁的线形进行测量，采用振弦式应变传感器、辅以光纤传感器对各关键截面的受力情况进行测量。通过与桥梁设计值及有限元理论计算值进行对比可知，该桥承载力及线形无大的变异现象。实践证明该种检测方法操作简单、实用可行。
关键词：连续刚构桥；运营期；变形；应力；检测
中图分类号：U448.23；U446 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0038-04
Inspection and Analysis of Structural Condition of a
ZHENG Hong-wei1, BU Le-le2, ZHANG Gao-chao3,ZHANG Xing-hua4, LI Sheng-wei2, LI Zeng-jiang2
(1.Department of Transport of
Abstract: To prevent damage caused by a variety of reasons from occurring in long span bridge in its operation period, it is necessary to carry out long term monitoring for its operation condition. Under severe budget constraints, a good measure is to monitor the structural stress and deformation of the bridge in unfavorable time during the early period of operation. With a long span continuous rigid frame bridge as the background, the precision leveling instrument was adopted to measure the sedimentation of the pile cap and the geometry of the main girder in the coldest time of winter and the hottest time of summer in two successive years. Vibration wire sensors with the assistance of optical fiber sensors were used to measure the mechanical behavior of all the critical sections. It is found through the comparison of the design value and the value calculated by finite element theory that the bearing capacity and the geometry of the bridge show no great variation. Furthermore, it is proved by practice that the inspection method is simple and feasible.
Key words: continuous rigid frame bridge; operation period; deformation; stress; inspection
刚性索自锚式悬索桥动力性能分析
王 艳1，朱 倩2，陈 淮1
（1.郑州大学土木工程学院，河南 郑州 450001； 2.广东省冶金建筑设计研究院，广东 广州 510080）
摘 要：平顶山市建设路立交桥主桥为刚性索自锚式悬索桥，运用MIDAS Civil有限元程序建立该桥的空间有限元计算模型，对其动力性能进行计算与分析。计算结果表明：该刚性索自锚式悬索桥的自振频率较大，竖向频率比横向和扭转频率小；桥塔的横向振型出现较早；主缆与吊杆刚性化能够有效提高桥梁结构的频率，特别是提高桥梁结构横向振动频率，控制索面的横向摆动；刚性索自锚式悬索桥与相同结构的柔性索自锚式悬索桥计算得到的桥梁振型基本一致，刚性索自锚式悬索桥振动频率比柔性索自锚式悬索桥频率有所提高。
关键词：刚性索自锚式悬索桥；动力特性；有限元法；计算；分析
中图分类号：U448.25 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-7767(2012)02-0034-04
Analysis of Dynamic Properties of Rigid Cable SelfAnchored Suspension Bridge
WANG Yan1, ZHU Qian2, CHEN Huai1
(1.School of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; 2.
Abstract: The main bridge of the
Key words: rigid cable selfanchored suspension bridge; dynamic property; finite element method; calculation; analysis
位访问者